Some of the more common causes of hearing impairment are:
- Genetic conditions
- Infection during pregnancy, including cytomegalovirus, rubella, syphilis, herpes and toxoplasmosis
- Birth complications
- Craniofacial abnormalities
- Meningitis
- Head trauma or perforation of the eardrum
- Persistent ear infections (otitis media)
- Some syndromes and degenerative disorders.